THE vitamin D it plays multiple and important roles in the human body, with the main source being synthesis in the skin through solar radiation, covering only 5-10% of the needs from the diet.
The role of vitamin D
Vitamin D is essential for the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in the bones, ensuring their density and health. Its deficiency can lead to osteopenia, rickets, poor dental health and osteoporosis.
Beyond the bones
Vitamin D acts as a hormone, reducing the risk of carcinogenesis and regulating the function of the immune system. It contributes to the regulation of lymphocytes, the production of antibodies and other protective mechanisms. A lack of the vitamin can be linked to the development of allergies and autoimmune diseases such as type I diabetes.
Health and mental health
Low levels of vitamin D increase the risk for cardiovascular and neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia and depression. The lack of the vitamin in the mother can affect the development of the child's nervous system.
Vitamin D deficiency in children
Despite the sunshine, in recent years a significant lack of vitamin D has been found in children, mainly in the 15-18 age group, with a deficiency rate of 47%. This is due to diet, Mediterranean skin color, limited time outdoors and excessive use of sunscreen.
Pregnant women and newborns
Studies show that 19.5% of pregnant women and 8.1% of newborns are deficient in vitamin D. Breastfeeding does not adequately cover the needs of the vitamin, so exogenous administration is recommended.
Sources of vitamin D
Dietary sources include fatty fish (salmon, sardines, mackerel, tuna), eggs (yolk) and fortified dairy products, cereals and orange juice. Vitamin D supplements should be taken on medical advice, especially in children, depending on the detected deficiency. Cod oil preparations are not recommended due to the high concentration of vitamin A and its potential toxicity.
Conclusion
Vitamin D is essential for bone health and general health. A lack of it can lead to serious health problems, so getting enough of it through sun exposure, diet and supplements is critical.
Anna Pardali - Pediatrician
Article from eumedline.eu
